Zakat al-fitr (Fitrana)
What is Zakat al-Fitr (Fitrana)?
Zakat al-Fitr, also known as Fitrana or Sadaqatul Fitr, is a charitable donation that must be given before the Eid al-Fitr prayer, before the end of Ramadan.
It is compulsory on every Muslim who has food in excess of their basic needs. It is paid on behalf of oneself and one’s dependants, so that those in need are able to celebrate Eid with dignity.
Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ prescribed Zakat al-Fitr to purify the fasting person and to provide food for those in need. It is accepted when given before the Eid prayer.
How Much Is Fitrana Per Person?
At the time of the Prophet ﷺ, Zakat al-Fitr was given as one saa’ of staple food (1 saa’ is equivalent to 4 madd). A madd is the amount that can be scooped up when one puts their hands together.
In practical terms today, this is calculated as the cost of a basic food item such as wheat, flour, or rice. The exact amount may vary based on local food prices.
Who Is Required to Pay Fitrana?
Zakat al-Fitr is obligatory on every Muslim who has food beyond their needs.
The head of the household may pay on behalf of:
- Children
- Elderly family members
- Dependants
Unlike zakat, it applies to every member of the household, not only adults.
